PROJECT BLUE BOOK

Maxwell ATTN: Ag Director
Aerospace
ADVISORY PANEL ON THE SCIENTIFIC USE OF BALLOONS
PN MEETING 15 NOVEMBER 1965 15 Nov 1965 K243,6012-41
Achives Branch RETURN TO:
AFB, Alaboma Studies Inst
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Schedule 1
Agenda
1. 2
2. Actions on prior Panel recommendations 2
OWS
3. Annual Report 2
4. Review of Facility activity in the current
calendar year 2
5. Ballooning requirements Ballooning requirements 2 2
6 Azimuth stabilization and startracker Azimuth stabilization and I startracker
requirements 2
7. Progress on Progress on l heavy heavy load launch launch development development
program 3
8. Request by Dr Delbouille by Dr. Delbouille of of Belgium for
balloon balloon f flight services 3
9. Request by Dr. Luis W. Alvarez of the Space Request by Dr. Luis W. Alvarez of the s Space
Sciences Laboratory of the University of
California for flight services 4
10. Water measurement comparisons 5
11. Another equatorial ballooning expedition
suggested 5
12. Election of Chairman 5
13. Date and time for next meeting 5
APPENDICES
A. NCAR Panel on Scientific Use of Balloons -- Minutes,
16-17 September 1964.
7-3745
1003866
408

APPENDIX A. MINUTES
PREVIOUS MEETING

0
APPENDIX A.
NCAR PANEL ON SCIENTIFIC USE OF BALLOONS
MINUTES, 16-17 MINUTES, 16-17 SEPTEMBER 1964. SEPTEMBER 1964.
. .
•

Chairman Ney then called the Panel's attention to Agenda Item 1 -
Approval of Minutes of Meeting of 19 May 1964. The Panel deferred
action on this matter until the members could study the minutes more
carefully since none of them had been present at the last meeting.
D
Discussion of Agenda Item 2 Palestine Clam-Shelter Building -
was initiated by Dr. Rex who commented that an inflation shelter has
been on the Panel agenda lin NCAR'sI plans for the past two years. The
Panel had made suggestions and taken note of progress in the past. We
now believe that we have a practical and effective shelter plan and a
Schwarzschild requesting their individual opinions as to the advisabil-
ity of constructing the shelter. Copies of t (attached
as Appendix Awere distributed to the Panel members.
Dr, Roberts then pointed out that the inflation s shelter had been
deieted from the fiscal l966 budget request with the u understanding that
NSF would receive a request for supplemental funds for construction of
the sheiter. He further stated that he felt that the NCAR staff had
done a magnificent job of evaluating the capabilities and usefulness
of the shelter, Although the staff and Dr. Roberts are completely
program, Dr. Roberts felt the need of a firmer endorsement from the
Panel that the inflation shelter should be a positive goal for NCAR
before proceeding further.
•

obtain funds to build a shelter and that no contractor would make a bid
which would remain binding that long. Also, other design configurations
her been considered and had been abandoned for reasons which included
structural strength and utility. Detailed cost comparisons did not
therefore seam warranted. NCAR felt that the cost estimate was as
realistic as possible.
•
Agenda Item 3 - Proposal for Support of the Spectro-Stratoscope
Belleon Program - was the next item of discussion. The Panel had
requ-sted at the last meeting that we obtain comments from outside of
NCAR. Copies of replies to Dr. Roberts' enquiry were distributed to
the Fanel (attached as Appendix B). A Mr. Laily indicated that Mr. Sparkman
Discussion emphasized that this was an l intarnational cooperative program
of sone importance and that the support require CAR is fundamentally
operational in nature.
Action Nc. 2: The Panel endorsed the scientific objectives of the
proposal and recomnended that NCAR support the program, with the
understanding that costs to NCAR would be nominal support costs,
not to include ballcors, helium, or other directly assignable costs.
It was so moved, seconded and carried unanimously.
Expedition in
India, discussed the background he IQSY program. He said that
responsibility fer the program has been assigned to the National Science
Foundation and that NSF had suggested th hat NcAR manage the program. In
line with NCAR policy that we avoid accepting nd operating field pro-
jects other than at our fixed bases, it was decided that NCAR would
• contract with an industrial group to the program and that NCAR
would provide a program manager and a scientific coordinator.

Mr. Lally reported that Raven Industries had been selected to
opetsts the field prcgran and that twe peylosds are planned on most
flights. The Indians will provide several cbservers and will fly
sane payloads of their own. A field trip to make diplomatic and
logistie arrangements and to select sites is plannad.
Action No. 3: It was moved and seconded that the Panel notes
with interest the NCAR plans for the TQsY expedition to India,
and it (the Panel) assumes the ecientific value of the experi-
ments hes been evaluated by oths means. Motion carried
unanimously.
Mr. Laliy then asked the Panel's opinion cf NCAR's assumption of
• this type of program. It was poiated it that previous Panel advice
In this case we e are trying to employ our maragerial and technical
abilities to best advantage while still giving industry the opportunity
to participate and so retain its capability. The Panel informally
endorsed Dr. Ney's statement that the approach to the program and its
The meeting was called to order again at 9;o0 a.m. on 17 September
1964 with discussion of Agenda Item 5 - Anmual Report. Discussion was
concerned with means to make the annual report more useful. General
cooments were that cost and budget information should be added to the
flight summaries; that a summary sheet for all flights be included to
scaist in referring to one particular flight; that possible, a a com-
mert be included as to the scientific resnlts obtained; and that the
accuracy of irformation regarding free lift and ascent rate be carefully
checked. There were also several general suggestions concerning develop-
ment programs, specifically materials research, high altitude balloons,
and shapiccefiguration analysis using the computer.
Action Ne. 4: It was moved and secorded that the Panel reconmends
in developing future plans that NCAs consider computer calculations
of shapes involving configurations with circumferential tension.
• Motion carried unanimousiy...

0 Page 4
Action No. 5: The Panel took note of and discussed the l963 Annual
Report, recomnending that in the future each scientific project be
described more fully and suggesting that a concise flight summary
be provided in which page numbers of the detailed individual sum-
maries are given.
Mr. Lally then distributed a statement concerning actions taken
by N NCAR on recommendations made by the Panel at earlier meetings (attached
as Appendix C).
The Panel then observed that there will be a notable eclipse during
1966 and discussed the possibility y for use of balloons, including
tethered balloons, for an expedition during the eclipse.
Action No. 6: It was moved and seconded that NCAR make informal
enquiry as to progress of the tethered balloon project at Nors
with a possible view toward future cooperation. Motion carried
unanimously. unanimously.
Action No. 7: It was moved and seconded that NCAR take note that Action No. 7: It was moved and seconded that NCAR take note t that
a very auspicious total solar eclipse will occur in May l966 in
South America and the South Atlantic which will offer possibilities
D D for good eclipse observations by balloon-borne instruments. Motion
carried unanimously.
Following the discussion of NCAR actions on p Following the discussion of NCAR actions on previous Panel recom-
mendations, the Panel returned to Agenda Item 1.
Action No. 8: It was regularly moved and seconded that the Action No. 8: It was regularly moved and seconded that the
minutes of the previous meeting be accepted as read. Motion
passed unanimously.
The meeting was then adjourned without setting a time for another
meeting.
End of Minutes
0

APPENDIX B. ANNUAL REPORT - 1964
• .

.
APPENDIX B.
ANNUAL REPORT - NCAR SCIENTIFIC
BALLOON FACILITY.
(Bound Separately) (Bound Separately)
• •
•

APPENDIX C. INSTITUT
D'ASTROPHYSIQUE
.

APPENDIX C.
INSTITUT D'ASTROPHYSIQUE REQUEST
FOR BALLOONING SERVICES. FOR BALLOONING SERVICES.
. .

Appendices, continued.
B.
C. Institute D'A T
D.
E. University of Rochester Suggestion for an Equatorial
Expedition.
. .
- END -
.

. 80301
August 1965
Dr. L. Delbouille
Universite de Liege
Institut d'Astrophysique
Cointe-Sciessin
BELGIUM
Dear Dr. Delbouille:
Many thanks for your letter of July 29th, which has been received
while Dr. Roberts is away from the office. ile will be happy to see it,
together with the together witn one from Sn Dr. Migeotte, when he returns toward the Dr. Migeotte, when he turns toward the
end of the month.
Meanwhile, I have sent your letter and enclosures on to Dr. Meanwhile, I have sent your letter and enclosures on to Dr.
Facilities Division. The decision as to the scheduldng of your ex-
periment will be in hands, so I'm sure you will be hearing periment will be in hands, so I'm sure you will be hearing from
Dr. Rex or one of his colleagues directly.
With best wishes. wishes.
Sincerely,
Stanley Ruttenberg
Assistant to Dr. Roberts
CCI D. F. ReX
SR/es
110

given to us ring our last visit.
• We have also visited the balloon facilities in Holloman Air Force
Base, and our opinion is now clear. The telemetry and ground command
possibilities
"more official" letter signed by Prof. Migeotte, and applying formally "more official" letter signed by Prof. Migeotte, and d applying formally
for NCAR collaboration to fly our gondola.
thank you again, repeat that leased to receive you at the
Jungfraujoch.
Very sincerely yours,
Lbellne
L. DELBOUILLE
.
LD/jd.

study the solar
• spectrum, ons region.
You will find, here enclosed, a brief report about these plans.
at your best conditions ? We actually hope to be ready for a first flight at ready fo
the end of the autumn 1966.
and the efficiency of the fi: irst planned instrumentation.
If this demand receives your attention, we will be pleased, of
course, to provide you any suitable additional information.
12.Mft
M. MIGEOTTE.
.
MM/jd.

tions to fill the "gaps" in the Michigan atlas due to telluric water vapor bands.
.
that many water vapor and carbon dioxide lines will still appear in the records.
resolution. Solar physicists are now much more intereste ines profiles,
. in diameter, as needed by the plans to study center to limb profiles variations. -

•
cooled with liquid nitrogen, will be used, to reach maximum resolution. In
in an auxiliary optical path through the spectrometer will give fringes useful
for accurate interpolations of lines positions.
to limb variations studies.
.

ne spectrum
and associated with ground-command
The total weight of the equipment will be of the order of 1200 to 1800 lbs
and we hope to be ready for a first flight in autumn 1966.
. •

.
2
M
M4
F7
-
.
3
soleil à 60 soteil à 60
soleH15
Flg:1
L

APPENDIX D. UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA
. O

0
APPENDIX D.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA REQUEST FOR BALLOONING SERVICES.
•
.

University of California
. Space Sciences Laboratory
Berkeley 4, California
September 3, 1964
UCBSSL NO. 192
PROPOSAL FOR HIGH ALTITUDE
PARTICLE PHYSICS EXPERIMENT
Duration: Two Years ears
First First year: year: $1,361,322 $1,361,322
Second year: $2,454,018
Principal Investiga Luis W. Alvarez Luis W. Alvarez
1o Morser
Prof. Luis W. Alvarez Burton J. Moyer
Principal Investigator
l fhlw
Samuel Silver
Director

SCHEDULE

IV. Experimental Techniques Exper ∞
A. The Cerenkov T 6
B. S 12
C. Wide-Gap Spark C. Wide-Gap.Spark Chambers Chambers 15
D. S D.S Superconducting Magnets .... Superconducting Magnets 16
. Structure and 'vogen 24
E.I E. I
F. I F. Developmental ar Developmental 26
1. The Balloon 27
. 28
3. Optics . 28
4. Data Analysis 28
V. Conclusions 29
VI. Personnel and Facilities 30
VII. Budget ..... 30
31
- 32

.
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.)
Appendix I. Details of the Radiation Laboratory Work Budget A.I.-1-10
Appendix II. Prcliminary Balloon Flights A.II.-1-5
Table No. I. Component Weights
Table No. II. Component Heat Loads (Watts)
Figure Captions and igures
References
Professional Qualifications of f the Investigators
.

ferent.
tural beam' eliminary studies

.
practice at
C
-

ographs are scanned and mea-
. sured. I Data from the upper chambers give a ough estimate of the momentum
For those events where greater precision is desired, the emul-
knowledge the proton's initial direction and
L
The anticipated duration of the e series of balloon
on how well the experi-
forecast.
B. Nature of the Primary Radiation
The particle "beam' consists of the natural cosmic rays at the
balloon altitude.

The flux, JE, as a function of yer the range of in-
terest the
J == 3 E 5 cm -2 sr
E
literature: the geometrical factor is the product of the detector area and the
. geometrical factor, G, the counting by
events s -1
ontimiaodf ouuntix
flux through th To put this number
that the 72-inch Hydrogen Chamber at

. these densities with the atmospheric interacti length gm cm-2, it is
these reasons, we will consider that the normal
feet are adequate for the experiment.
.lpha particle and 1,00 proton beams.
should be known to l0% or better for most par-
ticles. The nature of the beam can be altered in later fligh by inserting into
.

Also, the
interaction length is fairly independe and is around 5 gm
.
The secondaries usually have energies well below l BeV in the center
sym-
metric with respect to a plane normal to the incident particle, the individual
-
techniques, the energy he
2.

.
The energy
Above 1, 000 BeV, the proquction of secondary particles be described
bv the reaction:
. I
$N_1} +$N{}$ → $N{ }$ + N 2 F 1 F 2
where N, and N are the original F are "fireballs" or
1 I
Although the fireball model is
l model.(11) The fireball model describes

D
new phenomena requiring further investigation.
IV of thet
presented here.

1.
0
ADVISORY PANEL ON THE SCIENTIFIC USE OF BALLOONS
MEETING -- 15 NOVEMBER 1965
SCHEDULE
Monday, 15 November 1965
8:30 AM Convene in Sommers-Bausch Room of
the High n Altitud servatory.
11:30 AM 11:30 AM Break for Break for Lunch Lunch
1:00 PM 1:00 PM Reconvene in Sommers-Bausch Room Reconvene in Sommers-Bausch Room
.
•

V threshold. First, there is a
the lower proton energies, and the proton inter-
• ange. Second, the increased index -
particle.
.
• C
nized mirrors, and a photomultiplier with a fused silica face (in order to make

. f background for a Cerenkov trigger is electrons.
Electrons of 50 energy The electrons
The counter in front the target could also
D

D
Naturally, precautions should be taken to. blacken
everything possible in the l
the balloon would also serve to shape and

D
tracks in the emulsion. provide time resolution
apparatus will double or triple this figure. Take as a working figure about
4000/cm2-sr in 24 hours. I
cessing limits the angular resolution), then the backgrou

.
both sides of the plate.
. is a very

. the trigger pu
the region of
both sides of the plate.
the position of particle before and after

scattering will be considered.
for the case scattering, most part the rms sagitta
= 3.18 where p = particle momentum in MeV/c. and
Δs
P
in cm.
The expected sagitta (in cm. ) is
2 2
s = (. 3H) where H is the magnetic field
p
(uniform, in k ilogauss)
Coulomb scat-
tering, then the fractional momentum error would
0
Δp = Δs II 5
P s $X

load.
lution comparable to
at Harvard,
and their performance is excellent in all lrespects. His chambers have the
form shown in Figure tsocan reguir
and found the RMS

This is a reason for considering thinner targets such as a Li H
target. (See Appendix II)
these chambers and our major effort will be one of adaptation to the problem
D. Superconducting Magnets
Magnetic fields are used in this experiment to provide a means
of analyzing the momentum of incident proton and of interaction products
from the target. Because of power and weight constraints, these magnets
must be superconducting.
stimulated great

theoretical model by Smith and Rorschach
and, indecd, by the general experience
is pro d by Koi(21) iameter
low..
lds are planned.
D

AGENDA
• •

(4) The uniformity also reduces
the stored field energy

of 2x1 0^4Acm-2 The gap is given by,
$8πJwto$
Bo =
30
oriented along the polar axis, θ = 0, and the coil has a radial winding
thickness of
D
t = sin 0
The mass of this shell is given by
2
the structure.
The stress analysis of the spherical magnet is complicated by the
D
tho se found

a maximum he cquator of
= -9/8 B^{2 dyne
8
This is about 1/5
conductor be immobile with respect to
D

-
D let the field collapse at a safe rate. The
The
shell a
= -9 aote = 2u X 9
TO Y
πaρY
0
.. electrically

0 will examine
roves to be impossibly fast, and something of the order
of minutes seems reasonable, there are two
T
Taylor(22) at LRL, Livermore,
finished magnet assemblies.

buy wire in 20, 000 ft lengths. I
supply spool for the winding machine. I at 4.2°K
nets at $600 1b
gram.
With the provisional assertion that the quenching problem can be
solved with

- eve. toward
D
-
the weight of a vehicle which the
craft in our ultimate design.
oriented as a quadrupole to provide rotational
0

nents and
D
reasonable from this standpoint with a total estimated
but the problem of landing is a little troublesome.
-
given in Table 2. I

tents before landing.
cally economical
attention to e development program and those areas
affecting it.

Appendix II).
1. The Balloon
At the present time there are three commercial con-
cerns offering their services to These companies will
handle all aspects of launching and recovery. A As a rule of thumb, the
field support effort early handle these exper familiar with
the general problem.

2.
ADVISORY PANEL ON THE SCIENTIFIC USE OF BALLOONS
MEETING -- 15 NOVEMBER 1965
AGENDA
1. Minutes of the meeting of 16-17 September 1964.
A copy of the minutes of the meeting of 16-17 September
1964 is enclosed, Appendis Acceptance of the minutes,
with any necessary correctio s, is requested.
2. Actions on prior Panel recommendations Alvin L. Morris
A summary of prior Panel recommendations and the action
taken on each will be given orally at the meeting. This is
to be given principally for information but the Panel is in-
vited to offer comments.
3. J. Annual Report -- Alvin L. Morris
A copy of the Annual Report Report is enclosed, Appendix B.
The Panel is requested to review this report critically and
forward it to the Director forward it to the Director of NCAR with Panel of NCAR with Panel omments and mments and
criticisms. criticisms.
4. 4. Review of Facility activity in the current calendar year
Alvin L. Morris
A resume of the activity of the Facility during the A resume of the activity of the Facility during the
current fiscal year will be given orally to bring the Panel
up-to-date. rdate Key staff members will be available to answer A SWAY
questions, and Panel ats are invited.
5. Ballooning requirements ano cn Thomas W. Bilhorn
Requirements for scientificI ballooning appear to be
changing. The Panel is asked to review the evidence of this
change, to be presented orally by Mr. Bilhorn, and to comment
on our interpretation of the evidence. Our future course will
be determined by terpretation of stated and implied re-
quirements; therefore it is important that our interpretation
be well founded and intelligent.
6. Azimuth stabilization and startracker requirements Jack
M. Angevine
Several users or potential users of NCAR ballooning
D

•
.
(The recent ' may
, e more

preliminary analysis of the other information. F Emulsion techniques are
technical staff of measure nuclear
mind.

.
instrumentation
S -
.
-

.
Budget and Appendix I not included.
.

It is unrealistic to list more
D
flights will undoubtedly determine the nature and number of further test
flights. At the end of the appendix, there is a discussion of alternate
which might provide useful
the light tight Cerenkov gas enclosure, and the detecting ef efficiency of. the
device. In the first flights, the launching procedure for the rather r bulky
Cerenkov gas enclosure would be tested.

It is interesting to note that
from measurements on the earth's
surface.
0
energy oton flux, assuming the Cerenkov detector functioned correctly.
Flights 3 and 4
i provide a sample of data with which to
develop the measuring t techniques. T The important point in regard to the wide-
operation of the cameras for the emulsion
spark chambers a and the wide-gap spark chamber would be checked out in these
flights.
The experimental arrangement would consist of the Cerenkov trigger,
followed by at .
D

1
1
found in the upper half of the chamber could be traced into the lower half of -
-
0
cone of pions (those moving forward in The minimum
angle or separation between two resolvable tracks would be established.
be
to that presently obtained by conventional emulsion methods.
Flight 5 and beyond
The fifth flight would probably be the earliest possible flight to
carry a superconducting numerous tests i in this would

D
The more
favorable P chamber is being able to
halves of the chamber (for example SL
mesons, or hydrogen rich target material for studying interactions of the
secondaries).
missing, the rapid proton flux with
I

measure-
ments
ion ol one above al eelndclves wo
in terms of ballc on loads, but capable of
providing valuable providing valuable physics data.
D D
.

TARIE 1.
Component Weights
• Corponent Sub-comp. weight Weight
1. Target
Cyl. walls 100
Ends 50
Misc. and plumbing 150
- 230 830
2. Analyzing Magnet
Sunerconductor and copper 60
Wire support 170
Inside skin 30
Energy dumping 100
Misc. 100 160
3. Chamber magnet
Superconductor a nd copper 580
Wire support 3)0
Inside skin 70
Energy dumping Energy dumpinp 300
Misc. 150 150 1410
L. 37 1. Helium Peservoir 100
5. Cryostat Structure
Vacuum wall Vacuum wall 1620 1620
Chamber mag. sphere Chamber mag. sphere 110 110
Internal Internal support 100
External External support 300 300
Landing gear gear 600
Misc. Misc. 200 2930 2930
6. Cerenkov detector 500
Analyzing chamber and emulsicn
stacks and support 250
8. Wide-gap spark chamber 100
. Cameras 300
10. Electronics (counters and telemetry) 200
1. Electronics (chamber supplies) 150
1. Film 150
13. Misc. 350.
Total weight 7760
.
V
.

proper response to these requirements. Dr. Gordon Newkirk
of NCAR has been asked to join in the discussion of Agenda
Items 6 and 7 to give the view of a user of our flight ser-
vices.
7. Progress on heavy load launch development program Thomas
W. Bilhorn
Our program to develop and
equipment and techniques will be critically reviewed by
Mr. Bilhorn. Panel comments and recommendations are re-
quested.
8. Request by Dr. Delbouille of Belgium for balloon flight
services -- Alvin L. Morris
Dr. L. Delbouille of the Institut D'Astrophysique of
the Universite de Liege has requested that NCAR I provide flight
services for a series of flights planned by him and his col-
leagues. A brief summary of the experiment they propose and
. a copy of letters from Doctors L. Delbouille and M. Migeotte
are enclosed, Appendix Dr. Delbouille and Dr. Roland
toured ballooning facilities in the U.S. and determined that
our facilities meet their requirements best. They were
especially concerned about telemetry and command systems;
our standard PCM system meets their requirements. Addition-
equipment to altitudes above 80,000 feet, that consists of
a telescope which must be directed with precisior 5' at
first, but more precisely later), that the payload weight will
be of the order of 1200 to 1800 pounds, and that he hopes to
make the first flight in the autumn of l966. Additional in-
formation will be presented to the Panel at the meeting if it
arrives in time.
We foresee particular operational difficulties and
the costs to NCAR beyond our normal operating costs will be
almost negligible. Some equipment such as a parachute and an
airborne telemetry y and command unit may have to be loaned to
the project on a long term basis.
The Panel is requested to approve NCAR participation in
.

.
0
TABIE 2
Component Hleat Loads (Watts)
Conduction Padiation Total Load Total Load
Component Load Load (300° K) (230°K)
1. T Target 0.7 3.5 1.? 1.7
2. Analyzing Magnet 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.72
. 3. Chambor Magnet 0.63 0.116 0.16 1.09 1.09 0.60
• •
8
1
.
.

Fig. 2
of the integration limit energy.
Fig. 3
for precise measure E1'
Fig.1 Fig. 1
. Fiz. 5 Fiz. 5 Section of posed experimental structure. structure.
0

.
Ml
M2 PMg C2
CI
/B
Beam momentum
analysis in magnetic andlysis in magheiic
Hydrogen field, B field, BI
target
Wide-gap spark /B2
chamber in- I meter
magnetic field,
B2 Image of PM cathode
formed by M, and M2
Axis of cosmic.
ray beam
Fig. I

J
-
104
03
102
(os-s-u/suojod)
10't
1oF
• • 100
xn11
10
12
100 101 102 103 104
Proton energy (BeV)
Fig. 2

1
.
Si
S2
1 3-kilogauss
- E1 1
1 superconducting
I J
1 1 magnet magnet
1 1
E2 1
1
• • 1 Bb— B—> I
| 1
1
E3
0.5 meter 2
S3
Fig. 3
0 .

. :
-
90%Ne
40cm 10%He -
50 kV I.l atm
Chamber Chamber- 40cm 40cm
electrodes
Fig. 4

Emulsion stacks
3-kG analyzing magnet
Cryostat assembly
D
"Superinsulated" liquid
hydrogen target -
spark chamber
station
1meter
.
Fig. 5

onference,
July 6-11, 1959.
5. C. F. Powell, Summary Talk of Jet Sessions, Journal of the Physical
Society of Japan, Vol. 17, Sup. A-III, pg. 492 (International Con-
ference on Cosmic Rays and the Earth Storm).
6. J. Duthie, C. M. Fisher, P. H. Fowler, A. Naddoura, D. H. Perkins,
K. Pinkau, H. H. Wills, Spectrum of -rays and Nuclear-Active Component
of Air-showers at ll,OOo meters, Proceedings Moscow Cosmic Ray
Conference, July -
7. N. L. Grigorov, V. V. Guseva, N. A. Dobrotin, K. A. Kotelnikov, V. S.
Murzin, S. V. Ryabikov, S. A. Slavatinsky, Studies of Nucleon-Nucleon
. Interactions at Energies of 2 x 1011 ev. Proceedings of Moscow
Cosmic ference, 1959.
8. C. F. Powell, discussion at the 1959 Moscow Cosmic Ray Conference,
Pg. 167, Proceedings Moscow Cosmic Conference, Vol. I.
Interactions at the Energy of Hundreds of GeV and Their Interaction,
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 7, Sup. A-III, pg. 375
(International Conference on Cosmic Rays and the Earth Storm)
10. M. Miesowicz, Recent Studies on the Fire Ball Model, Journal of the
Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 17, Sup. A-III, pg. 458 (International
Conference on Cosmic Rays and the Earth Storm)
11. A.A. Emelyanov, I. L. Rosental, Interpretation of the Two-Center Model
within the Hydrodynamical Theory, Journal the Physical Society of
Japan,
Cosmic Rays and the Earth Storm)
12. Proceedings of the 1963 Summer Study on Storage Rings, Accelerators,
And Experimentation at Super-High Energies, Brookhav ven National Labora-
tory report BNL 7534 June 1963)
•

17. J. E. Kunzler, E. Buehler, F. S. L. Hsu, J. E. Wernick, Superconductivity
in 3Nb Sn at High Current Density in a Magnetic Field of 88 Kgauge
Physical Review Letters, Vol. O, pg. 8 (19ol)
18. D.B. Montgomery, Current-carrying Cacacity of Superconducting Nb-Zr
Solenoids. Applie Solenoids. Applied Physics Letters, 1962)
19. B. S. Chandrasekhar, J. K. Hulm, Current-carrying Capacity of High
Field Superconducting Solenoids. Applied Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 2, Vol. 2,
pg. 43 02
0 0 20. 20. T. I. Smith, H. E. Rorshach Jr., Flux Quantization and Persistent T. I. Smith, H. E. Rorshach Jr., Flux Quantization and Persistent
Physics, Vol. 6, pg. 277 (1964)
21. 21. lto, private communication communication
22. 22. Clyde Taylor, Taylor, Lawrence Lawrence Ri diation Laboratory, Livermore, private Laboratory, Livermore, private
communication
t
•

.
,
as a scientific
Hiroshima explosions.
Berkeley
in 1947. Since that time
D

require very
coordination between the experimenters and Facility person-
nel over an extended period. As now conceived, some develop-
mental work will have to precede the first physics data
gathering flight. T The very powerful magnet must be given
special protection; fo example, we can not launch it with a
ferrous launch vehicle in our usual fashion. The equipment
is fragile, and we may have to develop special recovery tech-
niques to prevent undue damage on landing. Special facili-
ties, such as a well in which to store the sensitized plates
prior to use, will be required.
We have endeavored in the e past to conduct development
programs which would enable us to meet most scientific bal-
looning requirements when they were presented to us. The re-
zi th Dr Alwone althoweh
requirements
ated with it. On the contrary, we believe that we should
undertake the responsibil y for providing
vices to meet the requirements lvarez group, seeking
developmental funds fr that group unique techniques
and equipment must veloped and tested for their program.
NCAR must expect to those aspects of development which
offer immediate significant improvements to general scientific
the fixed costs of
operating the Ballooning Facility as it does now for all scien-
tific flights, but it would not pay the cost of balloons, helium

• elementary particle elementary particle
He has seven
data analysis techniques. data analysis techniques.
I

APPENDIX E. UNIV. OF ROCHESTER
• • .

0
APPENDIX E.
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER SUGGESTION FOR
AN EQUATORIAL EXPEDITION. AN EQUATORIAL EXPEDITION.

There
southern latitudes and
we believe that other expedition is certainly merited at this
time. At the equator we flew 6-1/2 grams and flying at a higher
altitude would enable us to lower our limits by a factor of two at
least or alternately going somewhat higher (or lower) lati-
tude, for example Australia, but obtaining a higher altitude would
enable us to make statements on fluxes comparble with those ob-
tained at Hyderabad.
We would like at this time to ascertain your inter-
est in participating in such an expedition, since clearly establish-
ing the logistic support one group or many does not represent
that great an6 offort le from
lead time for all parties
upon, in a meaningful way , the experience obtained from the last
expedition Preliminary talks with NCAR have indicated they would
be willing to play the same role as they
Rochester would be willing the lead in responsibility for
the formal planning and submissic for support from appropriate
government agencies. In first approximation we would ask for
support from the NSF and from NASA. much like to
have an indication of your interest in participating in such an
endeavor and would request y September 1.
We are enclosing list of people to whom this
letter is being sent. We would a appreciate your bringing to our
attention any omissions s we may have made. The list enclosed
represents principally those involved in the IQSY-EQEx Expedition.
Sincerely yours,
M.4. igtr Mlu
M. F. Kaplon .G.M. Duthie

K. Anderson
C. L. Deney
B. R. Dennis
J.G.M. Duthie
E. Ehrlich
J. T. Ely
R. Fleischer
J. H. Fregeau
M. W. Friedlander
G. M. Frye
D. E. Guss
L. Katz
s. S. A. A. Korff Korff
R. S. R. S. Kubara Kubara
v. V.I E. Lally
L. Machta
K. G. McCraken
F. McDonald
P. P. Meyer
C A. A. Hoore
E. Ney
M. A. Pomerantz
L. . Quan
s. s. Ruttenberg
M. M. Shapiro
B. Stiller
E. P. Todd
C. J. Waddington
J. R. Winkler

years.
The Panel is requested to approve NCAR participation in
the flight series which Dr. Alvarez proposes if in the Panel's
view the flights are feasible and warranted by the scientific
merit of the experiments proposed.
10. 10. Water Water vapor measurement comparisions comparisions - John W. Sparkman Sparkman
This program is a continuation of This program is a continuation of f a program started in a program started in
November 1962. A meeting was held in Washington, D.C. on
7 and 8 October 1965 to explore current interest. A resume 7 and 8 October 1965 to explore current interest. A resume
of the status of the program and plans for its future will of the status of the program and plans for its future will
• • be given by Mr. Sparkman at the meeting. be given by Mr. Sparkman at the meeting. I Panel comments are
invited. invited.
11. Another equatorial ballooning expedition suggested Another equatorial ballooning expedition suggested -- Robert Robert
S. Kubara S. Kubara
A second equatorial expedition has been suggested by
Doctors M. F. Kaplon and J. G. M. Duthie of the University
of Rochester. A copy of a letter sent by them to the scien-
tists listed is enclosed, Appendix E. NCAR has offered to
provide ballooning advice and perhaps ballooning management
assistance if it is deemed essential. Panel comments are
invited.
12. Election of Chairman.
13. Date and time for next meeting
END OF AGENDA
•